Terror and Response

In February 2019, the Indian Air Force struck at targets in Pakistan in retaliation for a terrorist attack on a convoy of the Indian Central Reserve Police Force in Kashmir. The next day, Pakistan retaliated in an inconclusive air battle. These were the most recent actions in a conflict between the two nuclear powers. Terror and Response examines the genesis of this conflict, going back to the partition of the Indian subcontinent and the subsequent violence and examines the conflict over Kashmir since it flared up in earnest in 1987 after rigged elections. Pakistan's jihadi groups are examined, as is their role and the support provided by the ISI and the de facto protection conferred by the United States.

The turning point for India's response started with the Mumbai attacks of 2008.